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A mistletoe buyer at Tenbury Wells

A mistletoe buyer at Tenbury Wells

Mistletoe Crated for transport

Mistletoe Crated for transport

 

 

 

Growing Your Own

Germination of Mistletoe seeds has a mythology of its own and patent methods abound in old gardening literature. The earliest account seems to be in John Morton's Natural History of Northamptonshire (1712) where he describes successful planting on Black Poplar during March.

Germination can be divided into non-parasitic and parasitic phases. In the first the seed extends a green hypocotyl which bends towards the host surface. Once this is contacted it flattens to a sucker-shaped holdfast adhering to the host surface.

Once the holdfast is established the parasitic phase begins as the seedling begins to penetrate the host tissue stimulating the growth of a connecting organ or haustorium.

The haustorium grows with the host, often causing strange twistings and swellings in the branch.

(Note that these instructions are written for European Mistletoe - and may not be appropriate for other mistletoe species)

Lesson One - ignore most old gardening lore.

Disregard any advice you've heard or read that suggests cutting flaps in, and hiding seeds under, host bark!

This is unnecessary and counter-productive.

Mistletoe seeds need intact healthy host bark, and light, to grow.

 

Lesson Two - be prepared to be patient

You'll need a lot of berries to be sure of success.

You need to time it right – success is much higher in February and March.

Mistletoe grows VERY slowly in the first 4 years - so it'll be some time before you get a significant plant.

But it grows very fast once it's well-established.

 

Getting Started

Obtain some berries...

First obtain your berries

Mistletoe cut at Christmas is not ideal, but berries can be kept fresh by detaching them and leaving them in a shed until mid-February. Far better to harvest your berries fresh in February – if you have a local source try netting them at Christmas to ensure some are left

In late winter and early spring you can buy berries online at www.teme-mistletoe.co.uk and at www.mistle.co.uk.

 

Sticky squeezing...

 

In February, if the berries have been stored, rehydrate them for a few hours in a little water.

Squeeze the single seed out of each

Whether fresh or stored, the seed needs to be squeezed out of the berry, along with a quantity of the sticky viscin

.Collect several sticky seeds on your fingers...

Collect several sticky seeds on your fingers. You'll find they stick on just fine!

 

Choose your victim...

 

 

Then choose your host, bearing in mind European Mistletoe's preferences* – apple first, then poplars, limes, false acacia, hawthorn etc. Most shrubs of the Rosaceae are suitable.

Remember that mistletoe is a parasite and will affect the growth of the branch it is on and, on apple, will reduce fruit yield.

*In central Europe there are subspecies of mistletoe that grow on pines and firs - but these mistletoe varieties do not grow in the UK.

 

Start sowing...

Choose young branches, from 2 to 6 cm diameter. Avoid older branches and the trunk (ignore old gardening texts that suggest planting in older fissured bark).


Stick those half-dozen seeds you stuck on your hand onto the branch. LABEL THEM - with a plant label tied to the branch (it's very easy to forget which branch you used).

Try to plant as many as possible, at least 20 berries at once, divided between 4 or so branches. Germination is easy - but many will later die, or be eaten by birds and invertebrates.

And remember mistletoe is 'diocieous' - so each plant will be either male or female. This means you’ll need at least two plants for berries - a boy and a girl...

 

Initial germination

By March/April your seeds should be germinating. A few will already be mssing, eaten by birds or grazed off by invertebrates - but survivors should begin to look like this:

Naturally-sown seeds germinating

This is as big as they get in Year One - so be sure your label is tied securely to the branch or you'll lose track of them by next year.Natural mistletoe germination on apple

 

After 12 months...

 

In Year Two, your surviving seedlings will look more like this:

 

After 24 months...

 

And in Year Three you'll probably get some proper leaves

 

Exponential growth...

 

After the third year the mistletoe plant will start to grow much more rapidly.

Each branch bifurcates at least once a year - so the number of branches doubles. This picture is a Year 4 seedling, just about to start growing very fast.

4-year old seedling


Need more help?

 

For more guidance, and a supply of berries, try the links below.

Grow Your Own Mistletoe Kit from TEME Mistletoe



Grow Your Own booklet and Kits from www.mistle.co.uk

 

 


Quick links


Want to buy mistletoe? Visit:teme logo

Need news about mistletoe? Try: Blog

Looking for mistletoe advice, or a speaker? Try
mtoematters consultancy

Interested in Mistletoe Events? Visit:events

For mistletoe cards, tees, mugs etc visit

Want to Grow Your Own? Get advice here, or buy a grow-kit
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Coming soon - links to:

The Mistletoe Picture Library

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